War of Succession Jahanara Begum

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the passing of shah jahan beside daughter , caretaker princess jahanara. painting abanindranath tagore, 1902


shah jahan became ill in 1657. war of succession broke out among 4 sons, dara shikoh, shah shuja, aurangzeb , murad baksh.


during war of succession jahanara supported brother dara shikoh, eldest son of shah jahan. when dara shikoh s generals sustained defeat @ dharmat (1658) @ hands of aurangzeb, jahanara wrote letter aurangzeb , advised him not disobey father , fight brother. unsuccessful. dara badly defeated in battle of samugarh (may 29 1658) , fled towards delhi.


shah jahan did stop planned invasion of agra. asked jahanara use feminine diplomacy convince murad , shuja not throw weight on side of aurangzeb.


in june 1658, aurangzeb besieged father shah jahan in agra fort forcing him surrender unconditionally cutting off water supply. jahanara came aurangzeb on june 10 proposing partition of empire. dara shikoh given punjab , adjoining territories; shuja bengal; murad gujarat; aurangzeb’s son sultan muhammad deccan , rest of empire go aurangzeb. aurangzeb refused jahanara’s proposition on grounds dara shikoh infidel.


on aurangzeb s ascent throne, jahanara joined father in imprisonment @ agra fort, devoted herself care until death in 1666.


after death of father, jahanara , aurangzeb reconciled. gave title, empress of princesses , replaced roshanara first lady.


jahanara secure enough in position argue aurangzeb , have special privileges other women did not possess. argued against aurangzeb s strict regulation of public life in accordance conservative religious beliefs , decision in 1679 restore poll tax on non-muslims, said alienate hindu subjects.








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