Complex adaptive systems Systems theory

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complex adaptive systems (cas) special cases of complex systems. complex in diverse , composed of multiple, interconnected elements; adaptive in have capacity change , learn experience. in contrast control systems in negative feedback dampens , reverses disequilibria, cas subject positive feedback, magnifies , perpetuates changes, converting local irregularities global features. mechanism, dual-phase evolution arises when connections between elements repeatedly change, shifting system between phases of variation , selection reshape system. differently beer management cybernetics, cultural agency theory (cat) provides modelling approach explore predefined contexts , can adapted reflect contexts.


the term complex adaptive system coined @ interdisciplinary santa fe institute (sfi), john h. holland, murray gell-mann , others. alternative conception of complex adaptive (and learning) systems, methodologically @ interface between natural , social science, has been presented kristo ivanov in terms of hypersystems. concept intends offer theoretical basis understanding , implementing participation of users , decisions makers, designers , affected actors, in development or maintenance of self-learning systems.








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