Berber kingdoms North Africa during Antiquity

as carthaginian power waned, influence of berber leaders in hinterland grew. 2nd century bce, several large loosely administered berber kingdoms had emerged. 2 of them established in numidia, behind coastal areas controlled carthage. west of numidia lay mauretania, extended across moulouya river in morocco atlantic ocean. high point of berber civilization, unequaled until coming of almohads , almoravids more millennium later, reached during reign of masinissa in 2nd century bce. after masinissa s death in 148 bc, berber kingdoms divided , reunited several times. masinissa s line survived until ce 24, when remaining berber territory annexed roman empire.