Latest developments Flexible-fuel vehicles in the United States

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demonstration ford escape e85 flex-fuel plug-in hybrid.


in 2008 ford delivered first flex-fuel plug-in hybrid part of demonstration project, ford escapeplug-in hybrid capable of running on e85 or gasoline. general motors announced new plug-in hybrid electric vehicle chevrolet volt, launched in united states market in december 2010, flex-fuel-capable in 2013. volt propulsion architecture allows adapt propulsion other world markets such brazil s e100 or europes commonly use clean diesel.


on may 2009, president barack obama signed presidential directive aim advance biofuels research , improve commercialization. directive established biofuels interagency working group composed of 3 agencies, department of agriculture, environmental protection agency, , department of energy. group develop plan increase flexible fuel vehicle use , assist in retail marketing efforts. coordinate infrastructure policies impacting supply, secure transport, , distribution of biofuels in order increase number of fueling stations throughout country.


the obama administration set goal of installing 10,000 blender pumps nationwide until 2015. blender or flexible fuel pumps simultaneously dispense e85 , other lower blends such e50, e30 , e20 can used e85 flex-fuel vehicles. on april 2011 department of agriculture (usda) issue rule include flexible fuel pumps in rural energy america program (reap). rule provide financial assistance, via grants , guaranteed loans, fuel station owners install e85 , blender pumps.


in may 2011 open fuel standard act (ofs) introduced congress bipartisan support. bill requires 50 percent of automobiles made in 2014, 80 percent in 2016, , 95 percent in 2017, manufactured , warranted operate on non-petroleum-based fuels, includes existing technologies such flex-fuel, natural gas, hydrogen, biodiesel, plug-in electric , fuel cell. considering rapid adoption experience flexible-fuel vehicles in brazil , fact 2010 cost of making vehicles flex-fuel capable approximately $100 per car, bill s objective promote massive adoption of flex-fuel vehicles capable of running on ethanol or methanol.


as of december 2014, half of new vehicles produced chrysler, ford, , general motors flex-fuel, meaning one-quarter of new vehicles sold 2015 capable of using e85. however, obstacles widespread use of e85 fuel remain. 2014 analysis renewable fuels association (rfa) found oil companies prevent or discourage affiliated retailers selling e85 through rigid franchise , branding agreements, restrictive supply contracts, , other tactics. report showed independent retailers 5 times more offer e85 retailers carrying oil company brand.








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