Lesser recognized contenders Stacte

1 lesser recognized contenders

1.1 opoponax
1.2 balsam of tolu , balsam of peru
1.3 mastic
1.4 myrrh extract , cinnamon mixed
1.5 myrrh , labdanum mixed
1.6 labdanum
1.7 oil of cinnamon
1.8 balsam

lesser recognized contenders
opoponax

opoponax (commiphora erythraea var. glabrescens) member of myrrh family , has been considered have been stacte. referred opobalsamum, , relative of not true c. opobalsamum.

balsam of tolu , balsam of peru

balsam of tolu , balsam of peru (myroxylon balsamum) called opobalsamum , substituted it, not true c. opobalsamum. balsams have sweet, aromatic, resinous scent odour resembling vanilla or benzoin. both balsam of tolu , balsam of peru come same tree, myroxylon, each differs in production. word myroxylon literally fragrant wood in greek, or quina/balsamo. balsams substitute opobalsamum believe stacte.

mastic

mastic (pistacia lentiscus) bush exudes aromatic resin.

myrrh extract , cinnamon mixed

rosenmuller says etymology of word stacte indicates distil, , distillate myrrh , cinnamon mixed together.

myrrh , labdanum mixed

moldenke writes myrrh of parts of biblical history labdanum. believed many instances in bible speaks of myrrh referring mixture of myrrh , labdanum. according merriam-webster dictionary 1 of definitions of “myrrh” “a mixture of myrrh , labdanum.” if referred myrrh mixture of myrrh , labdanum, manufacturing of stacte described dioscorides have reasonably been product of myrrh , labdanum mixture.

labdanum

labdanum (lot, stacte; translated myrrh in genesis 37:25, margin ladanum ; 43:11) fragrant resin obtained species of cistus , called in arabic ladham, in latin ladanum. stacte described resin exudes naturally without manmade incision. labdanum exudes rock rose bush naturally without incisions being made.

oil of cinnamon

stacte might have been sweetly fragrant resin used exude spontaneously amyris kataf, bark of which, in other opinions, biblical “cinnamon.” or may have been product of cinnamon tree itself.

jules janick writes: “stacte; unknown, oil of cinnamon or cassia or aromatic gem resins.”

from websters dictionary: “stacte;one of sweet spices used ancient jews in preparation of incense. perhaps oil or other form of myrrh or cinnamon, or kind of storax.”

balsam

groom defines balsam “a viscious, resinous exudation trees , shrubs, consistency thick not solid. principle balsams used in modern perfumery balsam of peru, balsam of tolu, balsam of copaiba, storax , balm of gilead [opobalsamum]. have in common vanilla odor. words balsam , balm used synonymously.”

as stated above,some use balsam of tolu , peru substitute opobalsamum (balm of gilead), believe original stacte, because of similarity of scent (opobalsamum in commiphora or myrrh family). groom describes scent of these balsams vanilla , referring styrax benzoin says “the resin has storax-like fragrance . . . , has vanilla-like fragrance.”

gamliel summed when wrote, “stacte sap drips tapping of wood of balsam tree” (kerithot 6a).