External links Outline of Wikipedia

definitions wiktionary
media wikimedia commons
news wikinews
quotations wikiquote
texts wikisource
textbooks wikibooks
learning resources wikiversity



this outline displayed mindmap, @ wikimindmap.com
wikipedia – multilingual portal (contains links language editions of project)
wikipedia mobile phone portal
wikipedia @ dmoz
outline of wikipedia collected news , commentary . guardian. 
wikipedia topic page @ new york times
video of ted talk jimmy wales on birth of wikipedia outline of wikipedia s contents, see portal:contents/outlines. [1]wikipedia – free, web-based, collaborative , multilingual encyclopedia project supported non-profit wikimedia foundation. more 20 million articles (over 5.52 million in english) have been written collaboratively volunteers around world. of articles can edited access site, , has 100,000 regularly active contributors.



1 external links

== type of thing wikipedia? ==

[2]reference work – compendium of information, of specific type, compiled in book ease of reference.that is, information intended found when needed. reference works referred particular pieces of information, rather read beginning end.the writing style used in these works informative;the authors avoid use of first person, , emphasize facts.

[3]encyclopedia – type of reference work or compendium holding comprehensive summary of information either branches of knowledge or particular branch of knowledge. encyclopedias divided articles or entries, accessed alphabetically article name. encyclopedia entries longer , more detailed in dictionaries.

[4]internet encyclopedia project (online encyclopedia) – large database of useful information, accessible via world wide web.




[5]database – organized collection of data. data typically organized model aspects of reality in way supports processes requiring information. example, modelling availability of rooms in hotels in way supports finding hotel vacancies.

[6]online database – database accessible network, including internet (such on web page).


[7]website – collection of related web pages containing images, videos or other digital assets. website hosted on @ least 1 web server, accessible via network such internet or private local area network through internet address known uniform resource locator. publicly accessible websites collectively constitute world wide web.

[8]wiki – website allows creation , editing of number of interlinked web pages via web browser using simplified markup language or wysiwyg text editor. wikis typically powered wiki software , developed , used collaboratively multiple users.examples include community websites, corporate intranets, knowledge management systems, , note services.the software can used personal notetaking.


[9]community – group of interacting people social cohesion, may share common values.

[10]community of action – community in participants endeavor collaboratively bring change.
[11]community of interest – community of people share common interest or passion. these people exchange ideas , thoughts given passion, may know (or care) little each other outside of area. common interest on wikipedia knowledge.
[12]community of purpose – community serves functional need, smoothing path of member limited period surrounding given activity. example, researching topic on wikipedia.org, buying car on autobytel.com, or antique collectors on icollector.com or individual.
[13]virtual community – social network of individuals interact through specific media, potentially crossing geographical , political boundaries in order pursue mutual interests or goals.

[14]online community – virtual community exists online , members enable existence through taking part in membership ritual. online community can take form of information system can post content, such bulletin board system or 1 restricted number of people can initiate posts, such weblogs.

[15]wiki community – users, editors, of particular wiki.






[16]collective memory – shared pool of information held in memories of 2 or more members of group. == implementation of wikipedia ==
structure of wikipedia

[17]list of wikipedias – wikipedia implemented in many languages. of august 2015, there 291 wikipedias.
[18]logo of wikipedia – unfinished globe constructed jigsaw pieces—some pieces still missing @ top—inscribed glyphs many different writing systems.
[19]articles – written works published in print or electronic medium. each wikipedia divided many articles, each article focusing on particular topic.

types of articles on wikipedia

prose articles –
lists –

item lists –
article indexes (on english wikipedia) –
outlines (on english wikipedia) –








[20]content management on wikipedia – processes collection, managing, , publishing of information on wikipedia

[21]deletionism , inclusionism in wikipedia – opposing philosophies of editors of wikipedia concerning appropriate scope of encyclopedia, , appropriate point topic included encyclopedia article or deleted .
[22]notability in english wikipedia – metric used determine topics meriting dedicated encyclopedia article. attempts assess whether topic has gained sufficiently significant attention world @ large , on period of time evidenced significant coverage in reliable secondary sources independent of topic.
[23]reliability of wikipedia – wikipedia open anonymous , collaborative editing, assessments of reliability include examinations of how false or misleading information removed. study conducted ibm researchers in 2003—two years following wikipedia s establishment—found vandalism repaired extremely quickly—so users never see effects , concluded wikipedia had surprisingly effective self-healing capabilities .
[24]vandalism on wikipedia – act of editing project in malicious manner intentionally disruptive. vandalism includes addition, removal, or other modification of text or other material either humorous, nonsensical, hoax, spam or promotion of subject, or of offensive, humiliating, or otherwise degrading in nature. there various measures taken wikipedia prevent or reduce amount of vandalism.
[25]wiki magic – described jimmy wales phenomenon whereby author may write beginnings of article @ end of day, wake in morning , find stub converted more substantial article.


computer technology makes wikipedia work:

servers installed in ashburn, virginia (us)



hardware

computers – general purpose devices can programmed carry out sets of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. computer used host server software called server . takes many servers make wikipedia available world. these servers run wikimedia foundation.


software – wikipedia powered following software on wikimedia foundation s computers (servers). takes of these make wikipedia pages available on world wide web:

operating systems used on wikimedia foundation s servers:

[26]ubuntu server – used on wikipedia servers except used image file storage
[27]solaris – used on wikipedia s image file storage servers


[28]mediawiki – main web application makes wikipedia work. s free web-based wiki software application developed wikimedia foundation (wmf), written in php, used run of wmf s projects, including wikipedia. numerous other wikis around world use it.
content storage – wikipedia s content (it s articles , other pages) stored in mariadb databases. wikimedia foundation s wikis grouped clusters, , each cluster served several mariadb servers, in single-master configuration.
distributed object storage – distributed objects software modules designed work together, reside either in multiple computers connected via network. 1 object sends message object in remote machine perform task.

[29]ceph –
[30]swift –


[31]proxy servers – act intermediary requests clients seeking resources other servers. client connects proxy server, requesting service, such file, connection, web page, or other resource available different server , proxy server evaluates request way simplify , control complexity. proxies invented add structure , encapsulation distributed systems. today, proxies web proxies, facilitating access content on world wide web. proxy servers used wikipedia are:

for serving html pages – squid , varnish caching proxy servers in front of apache http server. apache processes requests via http, basic network protocol used distribute information on world wide web.
for serving image files – squid , varnish caching proxy servers in front of sun java system web server
dns proxies – wikimedia foundation s dns proxy servers run powerdns. s dns server program runs under unix (including ubuntu). dns stands domain name system .
[32]load balancing –

[33]linux virtual server (lvs) – wikipedia uses lvs on commodity servers load-balance incoming requests. lvs used internal load balancer distribute mediawiki , lucene back-end requests.
pybal – wikimedia foundation s own system back-end monitoring , failover.




caching

[34]memcached – wikipedia uses memcached caching of database query , computation results.


for full-text search – wikipedia uses lucene, extensive customization contributed robert stojnic.
wikimedia configuration files


setting wikipedia on home computer

[35]downloading wikipedia s database (all article text)
installing mediawiki (the software runs wikipedia) === wikipedia community ===




[36]community of wikipedia – loosely-knit network of volunteers, known wikipedians , make contributions online encyclopedia, wikipedia. hierarchy exists whereby editors elected given greater editorial control other community members.

[37]volunteering – altruistic activity, intended promote or improve human quality of life, people volunteer own skill development, meet others, make contacts possible employment, have fun, , variety of other reasons considered self-serving. volunteerism act of selflessly giving life believe free of pay. wikipedia written entirely volunteers.

[38]virtual volunteering – working on task on-line, off-site organization being assisted, without requirement or expectation of being paid, using computer or other internet-connected device. wikipedia developed on-line contributors using web browsers.

[39]micro-volunteering – tasks done volunteer, or team of volunteers, without payment, either online or offline in small increments of time.




[40]motivations of wikipedia contributors – article includes various studies motivations of wikipedia contributors.
[41]arbitration committee (arbcom) – panel of editors elected wikipedia community imposes binding rulings regard disputes between editors of online encyclopedia. acts court of last resort disputes among editors.
[42]wikipedia signpost – on-line community-written , community-edited newspaper, covering stories, events , reports related wikipedia , wikimedia foundation sister projects. == viewing wikipedia off-line ==


[43]kiwix – free , open-source offline web browser created emmanuel engelhart , renaud gaudin in 2007. first launched allow offline access wikipedia, has since expanded include other projects wikimedia foundation public domain texts project gutenberg.
[44]xowa – open-source application written in java anonymous developers, intended users wish run own copy of wikipedia, or other compatible wiki offline without internet connection. xowa compatible microsoft windows, osx, linux , android. == diffusion of wikipedia ==
[45]diffusion – process new idea or new product accepted market. rate of diffusion speed new idea spreads 1 consumer next. in economics more named technological change .
[46]diffusion of innovations – process innovation communicated through channels on time among members of social system.
[47]list of wikipedias – wikipedia has spread around world, being made available people in native tongues. of july 2011, there 282 wikipedias. === websites use wikipedia ===
[48]books llc – publishes print-on-demand paperback , downloadable compilations of english texts , documents open knowledge sources such wikipedia.excessive citations]
[49]dbpedia –
[50]koru search engine –
[51]wikipediavision – ==== websites mirror wikipedia ====
[52]answers.com –
[53]bing –
[54]facebook –
nationmaster –
[55]reference.com –
[56]thefreedictionary.com –
[57]wapedia – ==== wikipedia derived encyclopedias ====
[58]books llc –
[59]humane informatics –
[60]vdm publishing –
[61]veropedia –
[62]wikipilipinas –
[63]wikipock –
[64]wikireader – ==== parodies of wikipedia ====
[65]bigipedia – comedy series broadcast bbc radio 4 in july 2009, set on website parody of wikipedia. of sketches directly inspired wikipedia , articles.
[66]encyclopedia dramatica –
[67]la frikipedia –
[68]stupidedia –
[69]uncyclopedia – satirical website parodies wikipedia. founded in 2005 english-language wiki, project spans on 75 languages. english version has on 30,000 pages of content, second brazilian/portuguese. === wikipedia-related media ===
[70]wikipedia signpost – on-line community-written , community-edited newspaper, covering stories, events , reports related wikipedia , wikimedia foundation sister projects. ==== books wikipedia ====







[71]common knowledge?: ethnography of wikipedia 2014 dariusz jemielniak
[72]the cult of amateur –
[73]good faith collaboration –
[74]how wikipedia works –
[75]la révolution wikipédia –
[76]wikipedia: new community of practice? 2009 british historian dan o sullivan
[77]the wikipedia revolution: how bunch of nobodies created world s greatest encyclopedia –
[78]wikipedia – missing manual –
[79]the world , wikipedia: how editing reality – ==== films wikipedia ====
[80]list of films wikipedia – === third-party software related wikipedia ===
[81]dbpedia (from db database ) – database built structured content of wikipedia, including infoboxes, etc. made available free on world wide web. dbpedia allows users semantically query relationships , properties associated wikipedia resources, including links other related datasets.
[82]kiwix – free program used view wikipedia offline (no internet connection). done reading content of project stored in file of zim format, contains compressed contents of wikipedia. kiwix designed computers without internet access, , in particular, computers in schools in third world, internet service scant.
[83]wikitaxonomy – hierarchy of classes , instances (an ontology) automatically generated wikipedia s category system
[84]yago (yet great ontology) – knowledge base developed @ max planck institute computer science in saarbrücken. automatically extracted wikipedia , other sources. includes knowledge more 10 million entities , contains more 120 million facts these entities. ==== mobile apps ====







[85]qrpedia – mobile web based system uses qr codes deliver wikipedia articles users, in preferred language. qrpedia server uses wikipedia s api determine whether there version of specified wikipedia article in language used device, , if so, returns in mobile-friendly format. if there no version of article available in preferred language, qrpedia server performs search article title on relevant language s wikipedia, , returns results.
[86]wikinodes – app apple ipad browsing wikipedia using radial tree approach visualize how articles , subsections of articles interrelated. visual array of related items (articles or sections of article), spread on screen, spiderweb of icons. ==== reliability analysis programs ====
[87]wiki-watch – free page analysis tool automatically assesses reliability of wikipedia articles in english , german. produces five-level evaluation score corresponding assessment of reliability.
[88]wikibu – assesses reliability of german wikipedia articles. designed use in schools improve information literacy.
[89]wikitrust – assesses credibility of content , author reputation of wiki articles using automated algorithm. wikitrust plug-in servers using mediawiki platform, such wikipedia. == general wikipedia concepts ==
[90]wikipedia ios apps –
[91]henryk batuta hoax – hoax perpetrated on polish wikipedia in form of article henryk batuta (born izaak apfelbaum), fictional socialist revolutionary , polish communist. fake biography said batuta born in odessa in 1898 , participated in russian civil war. article created on november 8, 2004, , exposed hoax 15 months later when on february 1, 2006 listed deletion.
[92]bomis – former dot-com company founded in 1996 jimmy wales , tim shell. primary business sale of advertising on bomis.com search portal, , provide support free encyclopedia projects nupedia , wikipedia.
[93]conflict of interest editing on wikipedia –
[94]crnogorska enciklopedija –
[95]deletionpedia –
[96]democratization of knowledge –
[97]enciclopedia libre universal en español –
[98]essjay controversy –
[99]gene wiki –
[100]péter gervai –
[101]good faith collaboration –
[102]internet watch foundation , wikipedia –
[103]interpedia – proposal collaborative internet encyclopedia
[104]rick jelliffe –
[105]kidnapping of david rohde –
[106]alan mcilwraith –
[107]national portrait gallery , wikimedia foundation copyright dispute –
[108]network effect –
[109]nupedia –
[110]wikipedia:nupedia , wikipedia –
[111]edward owens (hoax) –
[112]simon pulsifer –
[113]qrpedia – multilingual, mobile interface wikipedia
[114]la révolution wikipédia –
[115]wikiscanner –
[116]speakapedia –
[117]the truth according wikipedia –
[118]truth in numbers? –
[119]universal edit button –
[120]us congressional staff edits wikipedia –
[121]user-generated content –
[122]wolfgang werlé , manfred lauber –
[123]wiki –
[124]wikidumper.org –
[125]wikipedia biography controversy –
[126]wikipedia cd selection –
[127]wikipedia review –
[128]wikipedia in culture == politics of wikipedia ==
[129]censorship of wikipedia –
[130]church of scientology editing on wikipedia –
[131]corporate representatives ethical wikipedia engagement –
[132]wikipedia world heritage – effort underway wikipedia listed unesco world heritage site. == history of wikipedia == [133]history of wikipedia – wikipedia formally launched on 15 january 2001 jimmy wales , larry sanger, using concept , technology of wiki pioneered ward cunningham. initially, wikipedia created complement nupedia, online encyclopedia project edited solely experts, providing additional draft articles , ideas it. wikipedia overtook nupedia, becoming global project in multiple languages , inspiring wide range of additional reference projects.
[134]nupedia – predecessor of wikipedia. nupedia english-language web-based encyclopedia lasted march 2000 until september 2003. articles written experts , licensed free content. founded jimmy wales , underwritten bomis, larry sanger editor-in-chief.
[135]wayback machine – digital time capsule created internet archive non-profit organization, based in san francisco, california. service enables users see archived versions of web pages (including wikipedia) across time, archive calls 3 dimensional index . internet archive bought domain waybackmachine.org own site. in beta test.

wikipedia on wayback machine


founders of wikipedia

[136]larry sanger – chief organizer (2001–2002) of wikipedia. moved on , founded citizendium.
[137]jimmy wales – historically cited co-founder of wikipedia, though has disputed co- designation, declaring himself sole founder. wales serves on board of trustees of wikimedia foundation, non-profit charitable organization helped establish operate wikipedia, holding board-appointed community founder seat .


[138]academic studies wikipedia – in recent years there have been numerous academic studies wikipedia in peer-reviewed publications. research can grouped 2 categories. first analyzed production , reliability of encyclopedia content, while second investigated social aspects, such usage , administration. such studies facilitated fact wikipedia s database can downloaded without needing ask assistance of site owner.
[139]flagged revisions – software extension mediawiki wiki software allows moderation of edits wiki pages. developed wikimedia foundation use on wikipedia , similar wikis hosted on servers. on june 14, 2010, english wikipedia began 2-month trial of similar feature known pending changes. in may 2011, feature removed indefinitely articles, after discussion among english wikipedia editors. === wikipedia-inspired projects ===
[140]citizendium –
[141]conservapedia –
[142]knol –
[143]scholarpedia –
[144]uncyclopedia – satirical website parodies wikipedia. logo, hollow puzzle potato , parodies wikipedia s globe puzzle logo, , styles content-free encyclopedia , parody of wikipedia s slogan, free encyclopedia . project spans on 75 languages. english version has approximately 30,000 pages of content, second portuguese. == wikipedia in culture == [145]wikipedia in culture –
[146]wikiracing – game using online encyclopedia wikipedia focuses on traversing links 1 page another. average number of links separating 2 wikipedia pages 3.67. == people in relation wikipedia ==
[147]larry sanger – chief organizer (2001–2002) of wikipedia. moved on , founded citizendium.
[148]jimmy wales – historically cited co-founder of wikipedia, though has disputed co- designation, declaring himself sole founder. wales serves on board of trustees of wikimedia foundation, non-profit charitable organization helped establish operate wikipedia, holding board-appointed community founder seat.
[149]andrew lih – veteran wikipedia contributor, , in 2009 published book wikipedia revolution: how bunch of nobodies created world s greatest encyclopedia. lih has been interviewed in variety of publications, including salon.com , new york times freakonomics blog, expert on wikipedia. === critics of wikipedia ===
[150]murat bardakçı – on turkish television, declared wikipedia should banned.
[151]nicholas g. carr – in 2005 blog essay titled amorality of web 2.0, criticized quality of volunteer web 2.0 information projects such wikipedia , blogosphere , argued may have net negative effect on society displacing more expensive professional alternatives.
[152]jorge cauz – president of encyclopædia britannica inc.. in july 2006, in interview in new yorker, stated wikipedia decline hulking, mediocre mass of uneven, unreliable, and, many times, unreadable articles , wikipedia britannica american idol juilliard school.
[153]conservapedia english-language wiki project started in 2006 homeschool teacher , attorney andy schlafly, son of conservative activist phyllis schlafly, counter called liberal bias of wikipedia.
[154]gay nigger association of america – anti-blogging internet trolling organization. on wikipedia, members of group created page themselves, while adhering every rule of wikipedia in order use system against itself.
[155]aaron klein –
[156]jaron lanier –
[157]robert mchenry –
[158]patrick nielsen hayden –
[159]andrew orlowski –
[160]robert l. park –
[161]jason scott sadofsky –
[162]larry sanger –
[163]andrew schlafly –
[164]john seigenthaler –
[165]lawrence solomon –
[166]sam vaknin –
[167]wikipedia review –
[168]tom wolfe – == wikipedia foundations , organizations ==
[169]wikimedia foundation – non profit based in san francisco, california, usa established own , manage trademarks , servers wikipedia , sister projects. == wikipedia-related projects == === wikipedia s sister projects ===

[170]wikimedia projects

[171]commons – online repository of free-use images, sound , other media files, hosted wikimedia foundation.
mediawiki website – home of mediawiki (the software runs wikipedia), , gets developed.
meta-wiki – central site coordinate wikimedia projects.
[172]wikibooks – wiki hosted wikimedia foundation creation of free content textbooks , annotated texts can edit.
[173]wikidata – free , open knowledge base can read , edited both humans , machines.
[174]wikinews – free-content news source wiki , project of wikimedia foundation works through collaborative journalism.
[175]wikiquote – freely available collection of quotations prominent people, books, films , proverbs, appropriate attributions.
[176]wikisource – online digital library of free content textual sources on wiki, operated wikimedia foundation.
[177]wikispecies – wiki-based online project supported wikimedia foundation. aim create comprehensive free content catalogue of species , directed @ scientists, rather @ general public.
[178]wikiversity – wikimedia foundation project supports learning communities, learning materials, , resulting activities.
[179]wikivoyage – free web-based travel guide travel destinations , travel topics written volunteer authors.
[180]wiktionary – multilingual, web-based project create free content dictionary, available in 158 languages, run wikimedia foundation. == wikipedias language ==

== see ==

[181]wikipedia:contents – network of outlines of wikipedia s contents
[182]outline of knowledge – outline knowledge, , of body of human knowledge
[183]wikipedia signpost – on-line community-written , community-edited newspaper, covering stories, events , reports related wikipedia , wikimedia foundation sister projects.
[184]wikipedia:tourbusstop
[185]wikipedia:help
[186]list of wikis
[187]list of online encyclopedias
[188]wikipedia:semapedia –
[189]wikipedia:wikipedia cd selection –

== references ==

== external links ==

definitions wiktionary
media wikimedia commons
news wikinews
quotations wikiquote
texts wikisource
textbooks wikibooks
learning resources wikiversity





this outline displayed mindmap, @ wikimindmap.com
wikipedia – multilingual portal (contains links language editions of project)
wikipedia mobile phone portal
[https://curlie.org/computers/open_source/open_content/encyclopedias/wikipedia wikipedia @ dmoz]
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/wikipedia outline of wikipedia collected news , commentary . guardian. ]
wikipedia topic page @ new york times
video of ted talk jimmy wales on birth of wikipedia